mutation
Mutation is change in the genetic code in DNA which can lead to a change in the protein that is coded for and produced for that section. This can change the organism’s characteristics. Mutation can occur in all organisms and is the source of new genetic variation. Some mutations are harmful and are quickly eliminated from the population by natural selection; harmful mutations prevent organisms from reaching sexual maturity and reproducing. Other mutations are beneficial and can increase in a population if they help organisms reach sexual maturity and reproduce
CAUSES OF MUTATION
The factors that increase the chance of mutation is called mutagens. Mutations can happen naturally at a low rate, but there are also other factors which can possibly increase the chances of mutation in the body.
- Radiation
- Chemicals
- Carcinogens
- High heat
- Radiation
- Chemicals
- Carcinogens
- High heat
Chromosomal
- A chromosomal mutation is an abnormal change in the structure of all or part of a chromosome, or a change in the number of chromosomes an organism has
- Permanent changes in the chromosome structure can sometimes take place during cell division
- Chromosomes may become tangled or rearranged in serval ways which cause the chromosomes to be misread
Examples:
· Translocation
· Inversion
· Addition
· Deletion
- Permanent changes in the chromosome structure can sometimes take place during cell division
- Chromosomes may become tangled or rearranged in serval ways which cause the chromosomes to be misread
Examples:
· Translocation
· Inversion
· Addition
· Deletion
GENE
- A change that affect a gene on a chromosome, specifically changing the base pairs on DNA or the order in which the base pairs match up
- Genes that are within a chromosome are composed of the thousands of nitrogen bases which make up the DNA strand
- Any change in the sequence, can result in the change of the message given to the mRNA, which will in turn change the amino acids that will be called on to assemble a particular protein
- One small change in this order can change the entire protein or make the protein malfunction
- Genes that are within a chromosome are composed of the thousands of nitrogen bases which make up the DNA strand
- Any change in the sequence, can result in the change of the message given to the mRNA, which will in turn change the amino acids that will be called on to assemble a particular protein
- One small change in this order can change the entire protein or make the protein malfunction